What is the hallmark finding of adhesive capsulitis?

What is the hallmark finding of adhesive capsulitis?

• A. Loss of ROM spontaneously, especially ER
• B. Painful arc
• C. Instability signs
• D. Pain with resisted abduction

Answer: (A)

Adhesive capsulitis produces a capsular pattern of shoulder stiffness, meaning both active and passive range of motion become progressively limited due to capsular tightening. The most pronounced loss is in external rotation, making this the hallmark finding. While pain may be present, the defining feature is the pervasive ROM restriction, especially ER. The other signs—painful arc, instability signs, and pain with resisted abduction—fit other shoulder conditions (impingement/rotator cuff, instability, or tendinopathy) and are not characteristic of frozen shoulder.

Adhesive capsulitis produces a capsular pattern of shoulder stiffness, meaning both active and passive range of motion become progressively limited due to capsular tightening. The most pronounced loss is in external rotation, making this the hallmark finding. While pain may be present, the defining feature is the pervasive ROM restriction, especially ER. The other signs—painful arc, instability signs, and pain with resisted abduction—fit other shoulder conditions (impingement/rotator cuff, instability, or tendinopathy) and are not characteristic of frozen shoulder.